Renewable resource

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A renewable resource is a resource that can be recreated indefinitely in survival without exploiting glitches (as opposed to a non-renewable resource). While running out of resources isn't likely to be a factor due to theoretically infinite (and still quite vast in practice) map generation, this is a list of resources that can be produced over and over without having to explore for more. However, running out of resources can be a bigger issue on Superflat worlds, where resources are less plentiful, or in PvP maps, where one would like to obtain resources without having to conquer more land.

The listed fully renewable products are items which can be crafted, smelted, or brewed using only renewable resources. For example, Cookies are renewable as they only require Wheat and Cocoa Beans that can be regrown infinitely, while TNT isn't because it requires Sand, which is not renewable.

1 Renewable resources
2 Rare drops
3 Tradable
4 Renewable, but require non-renewable resources
5 Planned Renewable Resources

[edit] Renewable resources

Resources that can be obtained indefinitely. Some require non-renewable materials in their production, but the process will never consume those materials.

Resource	Renewable products	Renewable method
Arrows	—	Arrows are dropped by Skeletons and can be traded by Villager farmers.
Blaze Rods		Blaze rods are dropped by Blazes.
Bones		Bones are dropped by Skeletons.
Cactus		Cactus can be found in desert biomes and can be grown on sand. While sand is non-renewable, it is not consumed by the growth of cactus.
Carrots		Carrots can be grown on tilled soil. They can be found on some village fields or as a rare drop of zombies.
Coal/Charcoal		Coal is dropped by killed Wither Skeletons. Charcoal is produced by smelting logs. Coal and Charcoal do not stack together, but serve the same purpose. As of snapshot 13w19a they are no longer identical.
Cobblestone and Stone		Created by letting non-renewable lava flow over or against water. One must not let water flow into the lava source, otherwise the lava will irreversibly convert into obsidian.
Cocoa Beans		Cocoa pods (found on jungle trees) drop up to 3 beans, which can be replanted on jungle logs to produce more cocoa.
Eggs		Chickens will lay eggs roughly every 5 – 10 minutes.
Ender Pearls		Dropped by killed Endermen.
Experience Orb	See enchanting	Dropped by any mob killed by the player except for Villagers, Golems, Bats, or baby animals.
Feathers		Dropped by killed chickens.
Flowers		Can spawn when bone meal is used to generate patches of tall grass. This requires non-renewable Grass Blocks, (although it is very plentiful in a normal Overworld outside of a Mushroom Island, and they are not consumed to generate tall grass) and is the only way to obtain a renewable supply of Dandelions. Roses are also sometimes dropped by killed Iron Golems.
Ghast Tears		Dropped by killed Ghasts.
Glass Bottle		Dropped by killed Witches.
Glowstone Dust		Dropped by killed Witches or obtained by trading with villager priests. Also dropped by Blazes in the Xbox version.
Gunpowder		Dropped by killed creepers, Ghasts, and Witches.
Huge Mushroom		Using bone meal on normal mushrooms will grow them into huge mushrooms (if there is enough space), which can then be broken to get more of the normal mushroom. With the Silk Touch enchantment though (obtainable by trading with villager priests), the huge mushroom blocks themselves can be collected.
Ice		Water source blocks in a Ice Plains or Taiga biomes will turn into ice over time. Attempting to collect ice will break it into water if there is a block under it, outright destroying the broken block otherwise. With the Silk Touch enchantment though (obtainable by trading with Villager priests), the ice blocks can be successfully collected.
Ink Sacs		Dropped by killing Squid.
Leather		Dropped by killed Cows and Mooshrooms.
Magma Cream		Dropped by killed Magma Cubes.
Melon Seeds		Melon Seeds are found in Abandoned Mine Shafts. And be crafted from melon slices, which can be traded by villager farmers. Seeds can be renewed once grown by breaking a melon stem, or crafting them from melon slices.
Milk		Obtained by milking Cows or Mooshrooms with a bucket.
Mushrooms		Using Bone Meal on normal mushrooms will grow them into Huge Mushrooms, if there is enough space, which can then be broken to get more of the normal mushroom. Normal mushrooms also spread slowly on their own. Also, Mooshrooms can be sheared for red mushrooms or milked for Mushroom Stew, which can also be crafted with a bowl and both mushrooms.
Nether Wart		Harvested from fully grown Nether wart. Must be planted on non-renewable Soul Sand, but it doesn't consume the block.
Obsidian		Entering a nether portal for which there is no matching exit will generate 14 free blocks of obsidian (and 4 more "ledge" blocks if the portal is formed in mid-air). Only mining the corners (and "ledges") will keep the portal active if desired. More on here Each time entering an end portal will generate a 5x5 platform of obsidian at the same position in the end. In other words, the obsidian can be mined and will be "refilled" next time you re-enter the end (note that, to leave the end, you will have first to defeat the Enderdragon). Diamond pickaxes, required to mine obsidian, can be obtained by trading with villager blacksmiths.
Potatoes		Potatoes are a rare drop of zombies and can be harvested on some village fields, but once obtained, the player can grow them on tilled soil. Poisonous Potatoes are occasionally dropped by mature potato plants.
Pumpkin Seeds		Pumpkin seeds are found in abandoned mine shafts, while pumpkins themselves are found "wild" in certain biomes. You can also get seeds from putting a pumpkin in a crafting slot or by breaking pumpkin stems. The seeds, of course, can be planted in farmland to generate more pumpkins.
Raw Beef		Raw Beef is dropped by Cows and Mooshrooms. Steaks can also be traded by Villager butchers.
Raw Chicken		Dropped by killed chickens. Cooked chickens can also be traded by villager farmers.
Raw Fish		Obtained by fishing using a fishing rod.
Raw Porkchop		Dropped by killed Pigs. Cooked porkchops can also be traded by Villager butchers.
Redstone		Obtained by killing a Witch or by trading with villager priests.
Rotten Flesh	—	Dropped by killed Zombies and Zombie Pigmen.
Saplings and Trees		Trees can be grown from saplings placed on lit dirt; When broken a leaf block has a 5% chance of dropping a sapling. See tree farming. Charcoal can be produced by smelting any kind of log. Leaves can be obtained by harvesting with shears. Sticks are also dropped by killed Witches.
Seeds		Seeds can be planted on farmland. Harvesting the resulting crops may produce more Seeds. Seeds can also be harvested from tall grass.
Slimeballs		Dropped by killed Slimes.
Snowballs		In cold biomes, snow is replaced whenever it snowfalls. It is also produced by Snow Golems wherever they walk over.
Spider Eye		Dropped by killed Spiders, Cave Spiders, and Witches.
String		Dropped by killed Spiders or Cave Spiders.
Sugar Cane		Will grow to 3 blocks high and can be trimmed or replanted. Must first be found in the world, and can only be planted on dirt/sand bordering water. Sugar is also dropped by killed Witches.
Tall Grass		Bonemeal being used on grass blocks plants tall grass on the ground. To harvest tall grass, one must also use shears made from iron.
Vines	—	Found on swamp trees, jungle trees, and on terrain and caves in jungles. When attached (hanging), they grow naturally if there is open space below. To harvest vines, one must also use shears made from iron. They also generate as part of player-made jungle trees.
Water Bucket		Two water spring blocks in the appropriate pattern produce a third; see water for details. If placed in a snowy biome, it will create ice.
Wool		Obtained by killing or shearing sheep, crafting 4 strings dropped by Spiders or Cave Spiders, by breeding two sheep which will result in a child with the same color of wool as the parents, or by using shears on sheep. Six of the shown colors (white, light gray, gray, black, brown and pink) occur naturally in sheep; green, lime, red, orange and yellow wool require renewable dyes to produce.

[edit] Rare drops

These items are only occasionally dropped by monsters, so getting them quickly or in quantity is normally done by mining, then smelting/crafting non-renewable resources (mob farms being an option).

Resource	Products produced	Method to Obtain
Bows		Bows are rarely dropped by skeletons, and can be enchanted with Power I and with an even more rare chance a Power II Bow followed by secondary enchantments. Usually, one would rather craft a bow with renewable sticks and strings.
Chainmail Armor	—	Can very rarely be found equipped to Zombies, Zombie Pigmen, and Skeletons. Can also be found being sold by Villagers.
Diamond Armor	—	Obtained by trading with villager blacksmiths. However, this is also a rare drop because about 1 in 50 000 zombies have diamond armor. ^{[citation needed]}
Gold Nuggets and Gold Ingots		Nuggets are dropped by killed zombie pigmen, ingots as a rare drop.
Gold Swords and Gold Armor	—	Sword is a rare drop of killed zombie pigmen. These swords can be enchanted with any level I and some level II or III sword enchantments. Armor can very rarely be found equipped to Zombies, Zombie Pigmen, and Skeletons.
Iron Ingots		Dropped by killed iron golems and rarely dropped by killed zombies.
Iron Swords, Iron Shovels, and Iron Armor	—	Armor can very rarely be found equipped to Zombies, Zombie Pigmen, and Skeletons.Can be worn/held by zombies, zombie pigmen, and skeletons. Swords and shovels are equipped only to Zombies.
Leather Armor	—	Can very rarely be found equipped to Zombies, Zombie Pigmen, and Skeletons.Can be worn/held by zombies, zombie pigmen, and skeletons. Also Farmed through Cows .
Music Discs	—	Dropped only when a skeleton kills a creeper. It doesn't matter who dealt most of the damage, as long as the final blow is dealt by the arrow of the skeleton.
Wither Skeleton Skulls		Wither Skeleton Skulls are a rare drop of Wither Skeletons. The other heads are currently creative only.

[edit] Tradable

Resources that in normal circumstances would be non-renewable, except that they can be obtained through trading with villagers.

Resource	Renewable products	Renewable method
Emerald		Main articles: Trading and Villager Obtained by trading renewable items to villagers, such as raw chicken. These can be used to buy other things from villagers, including resources that are otherwise non-renewable, like glass. Villagers never run out of stock (but their selling offers may vary), and they can be "bred", making villagers themselves renewable.
Bottle o' Enchanting		Obtained by trading with villager priests.
Chainmail Armor	—	Obtained by trading with villager blacksmiths.
Diamond Armor	—	Obtained by trading with villager blacksmiths.
Diamond Tools	—	Obtained by trading with villager blacksmiths.
Enchanted Books	Enchanted items	Sold by villager librarians.
Enchanted diamond or iron swords, pickaxes, axes, and chestplates Up to level 19	—	Obtained by trading with villager priests.
Flint and Steel	—	Obtained by trading with villager farmers.
Glass		Obtained by trading with villager librarians. Glass bottles can be utilized to make potions. With redstone and glowstone bought from priests, extended potions and level II potions can also be brewed renewably. Glass bottles are also dropped by killed Witches.
Glowstone		Obtained by trading with villager priests. Dust is also dropped by killed Witches.
Iron Armor	—	Obtained by trading with villager blacksmiths. Helmets also rare drop of zombies.
Iron Tools	—	Obtained by trading with villager blacksmiths. Swords and shovels also rare drop of zombies.
Saddles	—	Obtained by trading with villager butchers.
Redstone		Obtained by trading with villager priests or by killing a Witch.

[edit] Renewable, but require non-renewable resources

These resources can be made infinitely, but require one use of a non-renewable items/resources.

Resource	Renewable products	Renewable method
Enchanted tools, weapons and armor Up to level 30	—	Experience orbs can be spent to enchant, but this requires the one-time use of non-renewable diamond to craft an enchantment table. Once crafted, an enchantment table may be used an unlimited amount of times.
Wool - Blue, Light Blue, Cyan, Purple, and Magenta		Sheep will regrow their wool by eating Grass from Dirt blocks, and can thus be shorn multiple times. Indeed, by breeding two sheep of a color one can create an infinite number of re-shearable sheep. However, a single unit of the respective dye, containing non-renewable Lapis Lazuli, is required to color the initial sheep.